高校英語・関係副詞

関係副詞には、「where」「when」「why」「how」があります。関係副詞には、前後２つの文をつなぐ働きがあり、後ろの節が、先行詞を修飾する場合に使われます。

【関係代名詞との違い】

ポイント１

〇 This is the town where I used to live.

（これは以前住んでいた町）

✖ This is the town which I used to live.

１）後に続く語

① I used to live in (the town).

② I used to live there.

２）前置詞 or 副詞

①：前置詞の「in」が必要

②：副詞の「there」を用いるのみ

① This is the town. + I used to live in.

⇒ This is the town in which I used to live.

👉前置詞+関係代名詞

②This is the town. ＋ I used to live there.

⇒This is the town where I used to live.

副詞「there」の代わりに、関係副詞の「where」を使う　

ポイント２

〇 This is the town which I used to visit.

（これは以前よく訪れた町）

✖ This is the town where I used to visit.

１）visitの後は名詞　※前置詞不要

I used to visit the town.

２）他動詞 or 自動詞

目的語に名詞＆前置詞不要→　visit：他動詞

This is the town which I used to visit.

名詞「town」の代わりに、関係代名詞を使う

visit the town

　↓

〇 visit it：他動詞は、名詞・代名詞を目的語にする

✖ visit there

"there"は、名詞ではない。"often"や"always"と同じ副詞

【where】

A）This is the library.

B）I always study in the library.

This is the library. + I always study in.

This is the library. + I always study there.

↓

This is the library where I always study.

これは私がいつも勉強する図書館

＝This is the library in which I always study.

This is the factory where my father works.

これは父が仕事をする工場

↓

This is the factory. + My father works at.

This is the factory. + My father works there.

＝This is the factory at which my father works.

先行詞の省略

Tokyo is the place where I grew up.

↓

Tokyo is where I grew up.

東京は私が育った場所

【when】

I’ll never forget the day. + We first met on.

I’ll never forget the day. + We first met then.

↓

I’ll never forget the day when we first met.

わたしたちが初めて会った日を決して忘れないだろう

＝I’ll never forget the day on which we first met.

先行詞の省略

Tell me the time when you can come to my house.

↓

Tell me when you can come to my house.

私の家に来られる時間を教えて

【why】

This is the reason. + I didn’t agree with him for.

↓

This is the reason why I didn’t agree with him.

これが、私が彼に賛成しなかった理由

＝This is the reason for which I didn’t agree with him.

先行詞の省略

This is why I didn’t agree with him.

【how】

※「the way」と「how」の重複使用不可

This is how I learned English.

これは、私が英語を学んだ方法

This is the way I learned English.

This is the way in which I learned English.

👉関係代名詞の非制限用法

2024.6.24 高校英語・関係副詞